Earlier this week, Randy Starkman of the Toronto Star did a great two-part feature on concussions in hockey. He conducted in-depth interviews with experts, doctors, current and former National Hockey League players and league personnel, and even spoke with some minor hockey players whose lives have been affected by concussions. The majority of those he talked to recognized the severity and the danger posed by these injuries and had some great perspectives on it. The voice of one man stood out, though, both for his comments and for his position.
Colin Campbell, the NHL’s executive vice-president and director of hockey operations (who is also responsible for dealing out suspensions), said he thought many concussion victims were faking it. The Star’s research found that at least 30 NHL players had their careers ended in some major part due to concussions, but Campbell said this number was inflated.
“Some are legitimate,” Campbell told the Star. “I think some you might find aren’t legitimate. … I think there’s a small percentage, not a great percentage, of players who use it as an excuse, `Oh yeah, I’ve got a concussion.’ They can milk it. It’s a hard thing to really say that you haven’t, you know, if you’re trying to get some extra insurance money out of it to get paid an extra year or something.”
Campbell also said outlawing hits to the head, a step the Ontario Hockey League has taken, isn’t going to solve the problem. He told Starkman that banning head hits would result in more players skating with their heads down, making them more vulnerable. In fact, he went so far as to defend the league’s lack of action on head shots. “That’s just part of our game,” he told the Star. “The F1 (Formula One auto racing ) – I’m not talking death in our business – but the F1 with a death, do they put restraints on the car so they can only go 110?”
Having a league executive in such a position of power take these Neanderthal positions on serious injury issues is truly troubling for the NHL. In fact, 30 players is probably on the low side, as many concussions go undiagnosed and untreated. Even when concussions are diagnosed, the internationally-recognized full treatment plan for athletes’ return to play is rarely followed. Players are supposed to start with complete rest, then slowly work themselves up to light activities such as running before participating in non-contact, and then contact, practices. If symptoms recur at any level, the player is supposed to return to the previous level. As Keith Primeau said in Starkman’s article, many players return before they should, especially if it’s the playoffs. “Guys aren’t going to think long-term,” Primeau said. “We never do.”
Primeau speaks from personal experience there. He was stretchered off the ice in the decisive game of Philadelphia’s 2000 playoff series with Pittsburgh, but returned to the line-up before the first game of the team’s next series, which he told the Star was “the most erroneous decision I ever made.”
Stories like Primeau’s are dominant in hockey. Famous players like Stu Grimson, who also was forced to retire because of repeated concussions, have admitted they frequently returned to the ice before they should have and played through concussions. It’s cases like these that prove Campbell doesn’t have a clue what he’s talking about when it comes to these injuries. NHL players are a hardy bunch, perhaps too hardy for their own good. They aren’t going to retire because of a faked concussion.
Concussions have taken a massive toll on everyone from greats such as Eric Lindros, Scott Stevens and Adam Deadmarsh to role players like Jeff Beukeboom and Matthew Barnaby. Some, such as Paul Comrie and Jesse Wallin, played less than 100 NHL games before concussions forced them out. Others, such as Pittsburgh Penguins draft pick Mark Moore, had to quit playing hockey before they even made it to the NHL. Even leaving the game doesn’t mean that the injury’s effects are left behind. As Starkman reported, concussions drastically altered the behaviour of players like Kevin Kaminski, making family life extremely difficult.
There’s also a body of scientific research showing that concussions have long-term dangers. As Starkman wrote, “A University of North Carolina study reported in 2005 that retired National Football League players faced a 37 per cent higher risk of Alzheimer’s than similarly aged U.S. males. It also found repeated concussions significantly raised the chance they’d suffer dementias such as mild cognitive impairment later in life.” Grimson told Starkman he thinks similar numbers would appear in a study focusing on hockey players, but the NHL denied the UNC group’s request to conduct a similar study. Also, a study of frequently-concussed former NFL safety Andre Waters’ brain tissue after his 2006 suicide at the age of 44 revealed that his brain tissue was equivalent to that of an 85-year old man and showed early signs of Alzheimer’s.
Fortunately, the Players’ Association seems to be taking a new interest in the problem, perhaps motivated by the recent appointment of Lindros as their ombudsman. Unfortunately, the league still seems to be stuck in the Dark Ages. Starkman reported that many coaches, including the Boston Bruins’ Claude Julien, have frequently either denied that their players were concussed or shrugged their injuries off as minor. A scathing indictment of the league’s policies came from former Ottawa Senators’ team doctor Jamie Kissick. “A friend of mine who was a team doctor on one of the other NHL teams said, `Well, we don’t have any concussions,’” Kissick told the Star. “He said this facetiously because the coach didn’t believe in them, so there were no concussions.”
The comments and actions of Campbell and the NHL show that they still don’t take concussions seriously. Perhaps Campbell, who played for the Vancouver Canucks in the 1980s, should realize that the game has changed since his era. Players are bigger, faster and stronger than ever before, and the hits are harder. As Grimson said to Starkman, “[m]y generation of athletes will be the ones to more accurately tell the tale of what the effects are later in life for somebody that suffers significant head trauma or even insignificant but repeated head trauma.”
The science of understanding and preventing concussions is progressing by leaps and bounds. Campbell and the NHL should take their heads out of the sand and jump on board, allowing researchers full access and making sure that players, coaches and team medical staff all understand the severe nature of this problem. Banning head-hunting, which is far too frequent in today’s NHL, would also be a big step forward. I don’t want to see hitting removed from the game, but the OHL’s ban on any kind of head shot has proved that you can still play good physical hockey without ending the careers of others.

